*Evaluation of Energy Efficiency of Buildings Based on LCA and LCC Assessment… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101820*

impacts. By normalization, the end-point in form of a single score can be evaluated by Eco Point per year (PT/y). All indicators are presented in a way that shows the contribution of each group of LCA elements (energy carrier, materials, and building service systems).

• LCCA – It is displayed by values presented in **Figure 8**; taking into account userdefined discount factor, the discounted price of energy carrier, and yearly cost of maintenance of "LCA" elements (as % of investment cost), cash flow diagram is constructed. A simple and discounted payback period is presented as well. The cash flow diagram is shown for the period of 30 years, the period defined for LCA of buildings in [13]; total LCCs for user-selected calculation period are shown next. Costs are shown for each LCA element (energy carriers, investment in materials for renovation, and investments for more efficient building system components). Only building service components presented LCIA can be analyzed. Cost-effective measures can be found from this data. Next, specific (per m<sup>2</sup> of useful area) lifetime costs of investments, building operation, and maintenance related to specific primary energy demand are shown, enabling the designer to choose the most cost-effective measures as requested in recast EPBD. The last LCCA result presents the cost of eqCO2 emissions in the lifetime period as a macroeconomic indicator [11]. Because the cost of a unit of eqCO2 emissions is dynamic, the first year of the calculation period must be defined by the user.
