**3. Potential feedstock for biodiesel production**

The rapid urbanization, abundant land resources, and vegetable oil in Africa offer adequate opportunity for biodiesel production on a large scale. FAME product obtained from this resource provide insight into the new option of sourcing for renewable energy. Traditionally, biodiesel had been produced from vegetable oil; about 93% of biodiesel is produced from edible oil, and the feedstock sourced from agricultural sector [50]. However, the edible vegetable oil is unsustainable due to the food security threat [51]. Biodiesel production uses around 4.4 million hectares of arable land in the European Union [52]. The consequence of deforestation is greenhouse gas (GHG) which great effect on man, plant, animal. The alternative option to these is the use of non-edible oils, hence the focus on biodiesel and used cooking oil as feedstock. Other vegetable oils can be propagated easily in drought-prone areas and are highly adaptable in tropical areas [53]. Biodiesel fuel converted to HDRD is set to play an important role in the future around the world. Africa's population is projected to reach 1.5 billion by 2030, with 53.5% of this population living in developed countries [54]. This trend is set to accelerate and a greater supply of green diesel will be necessary in order to meet the growing demand for HDRD. The only economically beneficial and sustainable ways to achieve this goal is to embark on aggressive production of HDRD using biodiesel as a feedstock.
