**1. Introduction**

Liquid fuels of agricultural origin are being increasingly considered as alternatives to gasoline and gas oil as sources of energy. Specifically, biodiesel has a substantial potential to reduce oil imports and ensure continuity in the energy supply [1]. The main alternative fuels operated so far are oxygenates (alcohol, ether etc.), vegetable oils and their esters, gaseous fuel (hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas etc.), gas to liquids (GTL) and coal imitatives. Ethanol has attracted attention wide-reaching because of its potential use as an alternative fuel [2]. New cheap oil crops are wanted to produce economical oils appropriate for biodiesel production. One of the possible

substitute oil crops for the Mediterranean area is pumpkin seed (*C. pepo* L.). To the authors' best knowledge, studies on pumpkin seed oil as the feedstock for methyl ester making were never conducted. In the search for substitute oils for biodiesel production, pumpkin seed oil here a promising choice; however, this cannot be regarded as a massive raw material for biodiesel production on a large scale. The percentage increase of biodiesel in the blends increases emissions due to improper combustion process [3]. However, the selecting of oil is an important measure for biodiesel performance. In biodiesel production, it is needed to make the low cost oil crops. Pumpkin oil and juliflora oil are few of the good oil crops for biodiesel production. The pumpkin seed oil contains an oil intensity of 42–54% depending on numerous factors such as plant area, climate and state of ripeness [3]. The biodiesel is extracted from digestible or non-digestible vegetables by using transestrification production method [4, 5]. The biodiesel have most widely used five types of methyl esters like methyl linolenate, methyl stearate, and methyl oleate and methyl palmitate [6]. During the combustion phase of the biodiesel, engine emitted 9% carbon composition which is less than high speed diesel [7]. In any type of biodiesel preparations FFA oil content of less than 3% has been easily converted by using a catalyst [8, 9]. Similarly, the transesterification process of base catalyst cannot access the high amount of FFA content in vegetable oils [10–12]. EG biodiesel can be blended with other biodiesel as additives for improving the performance and reducing the emission at effective cost [13]. mixture of two biodiesels in equal weight ratio namely *C. pepo*.L (pumpkin) and *Tectona grandis* (teak) seed oil was used for the synthesis of biodiesel with 5-ml Diethyl ether as additive [14]. Present work investigates the biodiesel obtained from transesterification process of Pumpkin and Maize is used as an alternative fuel to diesel [15]. Present investigation, (pumpkin) *C. pepo*.L and *prosopis juliflora* seed oil was used for the synthesis of biodiesel [16].

In this experiment, pumpkin seed oil, juliflora seed oil are converted to fatty acid, by adding 15 g potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalyst for transesterification [17]. Rudraksha was added as additive to the exceeding mixed biodiesel blend and the engine was driven with minimum load to maximum load and at excess load condition. From the results, it was noted that here was an enhancement in BTE and diminish in Specific fuel consumption. The advantage of *C. pepo* oil along with *prosopis juliflora* oil over other edible oil stretch out in the oil price. In this regard the proposed research work is aimed to focus on the performance and emission of the pumpkin and juliflora mixed biodiesel blend with Rudraksha additive.

5 ml Rudraksha biodiesel as additive was added to mixed biodiesel blend Pumpkin+ Juliflora biodiesel called PJB were then blended with diesel. Take 900 ml of diesel in 1000 ml measuring jar first and add 100 ml PJB biodiesel and add 5 ml Rudraksha additive named PJB10 biodiesel. Take 800 ml of diesel in 1000 ml measuring jar first and add 200 ml PJB biodiesel and add 5 ml Rudraksha additive named PJB20 biodiesel. Take 700 ml of diesel in 1000 ml measuring jar first and add 300 ml PJB biodiesel and add 5 ml Rudraksha additive named PJB30 biodiesel. Take 600 ml of diesel in 1000 ml measuring jar first and add 400 ml PJB biodiesel and add 5 ml Rudraksha additive named PJB40 biodiesel. Take 500 ml of diesel in 1000 ml measuring jar first and add 500 ml PJB biodiesel and add 5 ml Rudraksha additive named PJB50 biodiesel. In India Rudraksha is available in abundance from the Gangetic plane in foothills of the Himalayas and hilly regions, which can be converted into biodiesel. Rudraksha trees can be cultivated in larger scale which may cause severe impact on expenditure of EG biodiesel production. The EG biodiesel as additive are blended in minimal quantity of 5 ml with diesel fuel consumption which led to better performance and clean environment.

*Characteristics Analysis of Performance as Well as Emission of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Additive… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102924*

Make manual mixing of both fuels, and then take this blend into a mechanical agitator and mixing thoroughly for 15–25 min. The blend is under observation for assuring that there was no separation and settling. This blend was poured to diesel tank in the experiment engine and run the experiments. The volume of addition of Rudraksha biodiesel is very little amount and there is no need to remove the same amount from the blended mixed biodiesel. Rudraksha biodiesel is used as additive to other biodiesel blends. The optimum Rudraksha biodiesel as additive with mixed biodiesel blends were also used to conduct the performance and emission tests at varying loads and compared diesel. Tests were carried out for analyzing various parameters such as brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature. Besides these, the other tests were carried out to measure the emissions of CO, CO2, HC, NO and smoke in the exhaust [18].
