**3. Future trends of sensing nanomaterials**

With these developed nanomaterial-based sensors, various sensors with excellent sensing performance values have been fabricated, and their sensing performances have been observed to detect the target analyte in a short time. Accordingly, previous results show that advanced biosensors are low-cost, easier to use, selective, rapid, and sensitive. In addition, the synthesis methods of large-scale nanostructure-based sensors are still a hot topic. Considering the nanostructures outlined in this review, it is clear that many nanosensors, each with their own unique superior properties and advantages, are suitable for incorporation into biosensing nanoplatforms. In particular, MXene and its composites appear to be a promising choice for use in forensic biosensors due to their ultra-sensitivity and superior electrochemical properties that provide a broad absorption spectrum. The use of MXene and MXene composites with various detection systems such as antibodies, genes, viruses, biomarkers, and enzymes allows the fabrication of rapid and ultra-sensitive biosensors with very low LOD values. As research in the field continues to expand, there is no doubt that portable and flexible biosensors for real-time mobile detection of illicit drugs, early detection of disease, environmental pollutants, and biological traces will become universal in sensor applications and facilitate quality of life. However, it has also been shown that nanosensors can rapidly detect the target molecule among mixed components at very low concentrations, and detection research in the health field is gaining momentum. It is seen that successful experimental data have been obtained in the field of development and sensing mechanisms of 2D materials-based nanobiosensors, which is an interesting subject for biomedical and environmental applications. As a result, there are not enough reports on the research of sensitive, selective, and effective nanostructure-based sensors with different morphologies. For this reason, nanostructure-based sensors with high sensing potential are being investigated and will guide future studies in a wide spectrum of science.

*Nanostructures in Biosensors: Development and Applications DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108508*
