**Author details**

Basma Marzougui1 , Amira Marzouki2 , Youssef Ben Smida1 and Riadh Marzouki3,4,5

1 Université de Carthage, Centre National de Recherche en Sciences des Matériaux, Laboratoire de Valorisation des Matériaux Utiles, Soliman, Tunisie

2 Laboratory of Signal Image and Energy Mastery, Engineering National Higher, School of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisie

3 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

4 Laboratory of Materials, Crystal Chemistry, and Applied Thermodynamics, LR15ES01, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia

5 Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Chemistry Department, University of Sfax, Tunisia

\*Address all correspondence to: rmarzouki@kku.edu.sa

© 2023 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
