Contents



Preface

Crystallography is an important field of science that deals with the arrangement and bonding of atoms in crystalline solids and the geometric structure of crystal lattices. It is useful in phase identification, which is important for using a material, for example in manufacturing, as the composition, structure, and proportions of the phases present in the material will influence its properties. Crystallography is also essential in determining the 3D structures of biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, which are important for drug discovery and development. Additionally, crystallography plays a significant role in modern living, particularly in electronics, where the properties of crystals are fundamental to the technology used. In this book, we deal with some crystalline materials synthesized by different methods, their crystal growth in relation to their physical properties or biological activities, and their applications, in

> **Dr. Riadh Marzouki** Associate Professor, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

> Laboratory of Materials,

Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar,

International Collaborator, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science of Sfax,

**Dr. Takashiro Akitsu**

Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science,

Crystal Chemistry, and Applied Thermodynamics,

Researcher,

Tunis, Tunisia

Sfax, Tunisia

Professor,

Tokyo, Japan

particular in biology, medicine, and semiconductors.
