*2.1.1 Sol: gel*

The Sol-Gel method is an easy, popular, and kind of way to go up and down to prepare the nanoparticle. In some cases, modification of precursors usually requires metal salts or metal alkoxide solutions in nanostructures that undergo hydrolysis and condensation polymerization processes to form gels. After being released, the cells turn the jelly cells into something intended to be suppressed. Important processing features of the sol-gel process are the amount of water in the solution, the pH value of the solution, and its temperature. Blending of BFO nanoparticles by sol-gel process, Bi (NO3)3.5H2O and Fe (NO3)3.9H2O are widely used as raw materials [3, 20, 21]. As mentioned below, there are three main sol-gel processes for synthesizing BFO nanoparticle materials.
