**1. Introduction**

Ceramic materials are inorganic compounds consisting of metallic and nonmetallic elements, which are held together with ionic, and/or covalent bonds [1]. It combines the principles of physics, chemistry, and engineering [2]. However, smart and advanced ceramic materials are usually fabricated in small quantities and at high costs. Furthermore, these new class of materials play a major role in the high-tech industry, energy, biomedical, military industry, solar cells, and fuel cells due to their specific high-temperature mechanical and optical properties, their biocompatibility, and their unique composite effects of light, sound, electricity, magnetism, heat, or function. In this context, many excellent researches have been reported on smart and advanced ceramic materials [3–8].

Various types of smart and advanced ceramic materials each have particular properties, providing high performance and economical replacement to traditional materials, such as glass, plastics, metals, and others. Indeed, advanced ceramics applications attempt to improve operation at low cost and to address the requirements of the particular applications.

However, the widely used smart and advanced ceramic materials are shown in **Figure 1** and developed below:

