**3. Results**

**Table 1** shows the number of cases and deaths of pregnant women with SARS diagnosed with COVID-19 (sample 1), as well as other causes (sample 2). In sample 1, 4,467 cases with 233 deaths were reported and in sample 2, 4,268 cases with 101 deaths. Excluding the number of pregnant women of unknown age, the stratum with the highest prevalence of cases and deaths in sample 1 was the stratum of 20– 39 years (3,647 and 183, respectively), corresponding to about 82 and 78.5%, respectively. In sample 2, 3,309 cases (77.7%) and 76 deaths (75.2%) were reported in that age group, a number significantly lower than that in sample 1 (p < 0.05). However, the highest rate of deaths occurred more significantly in the stratum of 10–19 years as a result of causes other than COVID-19 (p = 0.028).

As for gestational age, the third trimester showed the highest prevalence of SARS, and the number of SARS cases due to SARS-CoV-2 was significantly higher (p < 0.0001). However, the prevalence was significantly higher in the sample of pregnant women with SARS due to other causes/etiologic agents in the first and second trimesters (**Table 2**).

Concerning deaths, **Table 2** shows that the lowest rate of deaths occurred in the first trimester, excluding when gestational age was not identified in either sample, being significantly lower in sample 2 (p = 0.0051). However, in the third trimester, it is higher in sample 1, i.e. in pregnant women with SARS due to SARS-CoV-2 (0.0147).


*\* Three cases with unidentified age group were excluded from this analysis. Source: Authors, 2020 [4] based on data from BRASIL (2020).*

### **Table 1.**

*Absolute and relative frequencies of SARS cases and deaths in pregnant women notified in Brazil (2020), according to maternal age.*


### **Table 2.**

*Absolute and relative frequencies of SARS cases and deaths in pregnant women notified in Brazil (2020), according to gestational age.*

*Analysis of the Factors That Influence the Clinical Outcome of Severe Acute Respiratory… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99915*

**Table 3** shows the lethality rates by gestational age. The group of pregnant women with SARS caused by COVID-19 was observed to have a higher mortality rate than that of the group of pregnant women with SARS due to other causes (5.2 and 2.3%, respectively). Considering the strata, the event was more severe in the second trimester (7%) for the first group, whereas it was more significant in the first trimester (3.1%) for the second one.

**Figure 1** shows the relationship between the age of pregnant women and disease lethality. The lowest rates have been observed to occur in the first stratum (10– 19 years), increasing with age. In group 1 (deaths from SARS caused by COVID-19), lethality ranged from 2.8% in the 10–19 age group to 15.3% in the 50–59 age group.


### **Table 3.**

*Lethality in pregnant women due to SARS caused by COVID-19 and other causes, according to gestational age in Brazil (2020).*

### **Figure 1.**

*Distribution of lethality rates by age in the groups of pregnant women with SARS caused by COVID-19 and SARS due to other causes (BRASIL, 2020).*

In all age groups from group 2 (deaths from SARS due to other causes), the lethality rate was lower than in group 1, except for the 50–59 age group (16.7%).
