**4.2 Phytoremediation**

It is a process involving plants for environmental cleanup. There is different process involved as follow; (summarized in **Figure 3**)


*Recent Applications of Bioremediation and Its Impact DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104959*

**Figure 3.**

*Components of phytoremediation [20].*


#### **4.3 Phytoextraction**

This technique involves the usage of different algae to extract pollutants from soils, sediments, or water into harvestable plant biomass (hyperaccumulators i.e. those organisms that take larger-than normal amounts of contaminants from the soil). Phytoextraction is more effective for extracting heavy metals than for organic contaminants. The plants translocate contaminants through their root systems to stems and leaves. Different plants absorb different elements and accumulate them into different organs of the plant, as shown in **Figure 4**. For example,

**Figure 4.** *Phytoextraction for environmental remediation [21].*

