**3.2 Nutrient availability**

The presence of essential nutrients required for the growth and working of microbes is necessary for the proper outcomes of bioremediation. Nitrates, phosphates, and various electron transport sources are needed to be present in the soil or water environment where bioremediation is to be carried out.

#### **3.3 Factors associated with contaminated site**

#### *3.3.1 pH*

The pH of the soil or water determines the nature of the species present in it, as it can cause a change in the chemical composition due to the basic and acidic nature of the site. Generally, the pH ranges from 5 to 9 is considered optimum for the working of various microbial colonies. As biological reactions are all pH-sensitive so existence and functioning of enzymes are highly pH-sensitive.

#### *3.3.2 Temperature*

It is one of the important factors that defines the moisture content and chemical composition of the site. Generally, the temperature between 20 and 40° is considered good for the efficient performance of microbes.
