**6. Conclusion**

Bioremediation is nature's self-healing process by utilizing the hidden workforce capable of decontaminating the environment. The decontaminating ability and efficiency of the biological agents like algae, bacteria, fungi, etc. depends on various factors like oxygen, nutrients, moisture, pH, and temperature. In different regions of the globe, the practice of bioremediation can be made successful by ensuring different factors like cost, the concentration of contaminant, and composition of the degrading site. These factors ultimately ensure the applicability of the ex or in situ bioremediation technique to be implemented. As it has been discussed that ex situ techniques are expensive due to excavation and transportation, although they can treat the large number of contaminants as compared to in situ. The use of various bioremediating agents like bacteria, fungi, algae, and nematodes and further involvement of modern technology including nanoscience is helping to develop new ways to genetically study and engineer the microorganism for need-based functions.
