**4. Test methods**

First the exact characterization of the wire electrodes took place. To determine the chemical composition, the wires were melted into buttons with the Arc Melter

*Properties of Additively Manufactured Deposits of Alloy 718 Using CMT Process Depending… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102455*

$$\begin{array}{llll} & \stackrel{\text{Centre}}{\text{Read}}\\ & \stackrel{\text{Read}}{\text{2}} & \stackrel{\text{Sideno}}{\text{Y}} & \stackrel{\text{Area of}}{\text{Y}} \\ & & \stackrel{\text{T}}{\text{2}} & \stackrel{\text{V}}{\text{Y}} \end{array} \qquad \qquad \qquad \begin{array}{llll} & \stackrel{\text{Avea of}}{\text{d}} & \text{d} = \frac{\text{1}}{2\text{h}} \langle \text{2R}^{2} \rangle \text{arcsin} \left( \frac{\text{W}}{2\text{R}} \right) + \text{wh} - \text{wR} \rangle & \text{Eq. 11} \\ & & \stackrel{\text{B}}{\text{s}} \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{c c c} \uparrow & & & \\ \downarrow \text{w} & \longrightarrow & \text{ $ \{\text{"{e}l"}}$  overlapping} & \\ & & \text{ $ \{\text{"{e}l"}}$  overlaping} & \\ & & & \text{ $ \{\text{"{e}l"}}$  } = \text{ $ \{\text{$ \{\text{ $h}$ } $}$ }^2 $ & & \text{$  \{\text{ $\{\text{$ h} $}$ } $}^2$  \\ & & & \text{ $ \{\text{$ h} $}$  } = \text{ $ \{\text{$ \{\text{ $h}$ }} $}^2$  & & \text{ $\{\text{$ \{\text{ $h}$ }} $}^2$  \\ & & & \text{ $ \{\text{$ h} $}$  } = \text{ $ \{\text{$ h} $}$  & & \\ & & \text{ $ \{\text{$ h} $}$  & & \\ & & & \text{ $ \{\text{$ h} $}$  } = \text{ $ \{\text{$ h} $}$  & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & & \\ & & & &$$

#### **Figure 3.**

*Illustration of overlapping beads and equations for calculating the ideal center distance [16].*

MAM-1 (Edmund Bühler GmbH) in pure argon atmosphere (99.996%) using a TIG arc. The methodology is described in [18]. The chemical composition of buttons was analyzed with the atom emission spectrometry (AES). In addition, the contents of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur were measured by means of carrier gas melt extraction (CGME) with combustion analysis (CA) directly on the solid wire in the delivery condition. Afterward, measurements of the wire diameter, the surface roughness (axial) with the tactile cut method [19], and tensile tests were carried out.

The welded components have been subjected to a visual and dye penetration test. In the first step, the metallographic cross sections (Y-Z plane) are taken. For the automatic preparation, it was necessary to cut the cross sections in the middle. All samples were processed with standard metallographic techniques with a final polish of 0.5 μm O.P.S (SiO2). Subsequently, the central part of the walls and blocks were mechanically machined to allow high-quality X-ray inspection. While the image quality indicator according to [20] on the walls was 16 or 17, only an indicator of 10 was achieved on the blocks due to their higher thickness. For this reason, no radiographic testing was performed on the blocks. On walls and blocks, chemical analyses, tensile tests, and hardness measurements were performed. Standard tensile tests were performed to BS EN ISO 6892-1 [21] at room temperature. The tensile specimens with form E 5 x10 40 [22] were taken in welding direction. Vickers hardness testing was performed in compliance with BSEN ISO 6507-1 [23], using a load of 0.2 or 10 kg. Measurements were made at varying distances from the substrate. Only on the blocks the determination of the impact energy on Charpy V samples at room and low temperatures (196°C) was carried out. The microstructure was investigated by light optical microscope (inverse incident light microscope Leica MeF4A, Leica), scanning electron microscope (XL30 FEG/ESEM, company FEI/Philips), and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDAX Si (Li) detector).
