*5.6.1 Previous quality of evidence*

Barlow et al. [81] found that acupressure reduced pain and acupuncture did not reduce pain but resulted in reduced use of ibuprofen (low-quality evidence). Chen

et al. [82] found acupuncture superior to sham in post-operative fentanyl use, time to the first request for fentanyl, and pain intensity (low-quality evidence). Wu et al. [77] found that some forms of acupuncture (acupuncture, electroacupuncture (EA), and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS)) improved pain on day 1 after surgery and reduced opioid use; subgroup analysis showed that acupuncture and TEAS were superior to EA (moderate-quality evidence).
