**5. Conclusion**

Diabetic eye diseases are among the leading causes of blindness within the Western world. Previously, laser photocoagulation was the mainstay of treatment for DME and PDR [55]. Over the past two decades, anti-VEGF agents have become first-line treatments for DME. Although these medications have significantly improved visual outcomes for DME, limitations have been noted in 'real-world' studies [24–26]. Most notably, anti-VEGF agents require frequent injection, which acts as a treatment barrier to patients and leads to under-dosing. The investigational drugs that target the Tie-2/angiopoietin pathway may produce greater drying effect on the macula, with prolonged durability and superior visual outcomes compared to anti-VEGF monotherapy. Future trials may focus on the ability of combination anti-VEGF and Ang-2 inhibitors to treat PDR.
