**11. Applications of SNEF**

#### **11.1 Bioavailability and solubility improvement**

Drug of Class-П drug (Low solubility/high permeability) and formulated in SNEF, then it increases the solubility. Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), mainly it is used for sustained release formulation. In chronic therapy ketoprofen cause gastric irritation due to its low solubility its release from sustained formulations is incomplete. As ketoprofen developed in nanoemulsion complete drug release form sustained formulation of ketoprofen achieved successfully. Ketoprofen developed in SNEF producing oil in water O/W emulsion, droplets of nanoemulsion make drug available for absorption in dissolved form in GIT.Many different approaches available to achieve sustained release which causes decrease in irritation and increase in bioavailability such as matrix pallets, nanocrystals, micro particles, floating oral system apart from these SNEF found upper hand over these [33].

#### **11.2 Protection against biodegradation**

SNEF enhance absorption due to larger surface area, reduction in surface area; reduce degradation of PWSDs having both low oral bioavailability and poor water solubility due to degradation of drug by enzymatic degradation and acidic Ph in stomach.


#### **Table 5.**

*Patents of SNEF.*

#### **11.3 Solid SNEF**

Self emulsifying formulations adsorbed on solid carrier and converted in to free flowing power which may filled in to capsule or compressed in to tablet with suitable excipients. To overcome stability related problems of nanoemulsions these are adsorbed on adsorbents to convert them in solid dosage forms tablet or capsule [34].
