**3.3 Through PES**

Though PES the regulation is controlled by negative feedback mechanism. Though food intake and energy expenditure. Change in appetite or drastic reduction in hunger mainly due to not only activation neuron via binding to the melanocortin receptor (MCR) by leptin which acts on proopiomelanocortin (POMC) leads to release of melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in to synapse but also inhibition of neuropeptide-Y (NPY)/agouti related peptides (AgRP) synthesis in neurons which negatively affects agonistic potential of AgRP on MCR resulting in to suppression of appetite (**Figure 2**) [10].

### **Figure 2.**

*Regulation of appetite by leptin acting on the nucleus arcuatus of the hypothalamus. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY), Agouti-related protein (AgRP), melanocortin receptor (MCR), gamma amino butyric acid (GABA).*
