**5. Conclusion**

AD is a neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by excessive deposition of Aβ and abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein and synaptic loss. Studies and clinical trials in recent years are also based on these basic mechanisms. Although the role of stem cell therapy in AD is not fully understood, many preclinical studies have provided a number of promising results. However, human clinical trials are still in their infancy, and most current research is still centered on animal experiments. But it also shows the broad prospects of stem cell therapy for the AD. A large number of preclinical studies have demonstrated the theoretical basis, and new studies are continuing to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Among many stem cells, MSCs-based therapies are widely accepted and have met certain clinical trial standards. The vast majority of cell therapies for AD have been conducted on rodents, and we must be aware of a wide range of physiological differences between humans and rodents. We need to understand the mechanism of treatment through animal experiments and establish the correct translation model for human application.
