**8. Future scope**

Now in the coming days, the chemical formulation can be utilized by a combination of biological and botanical products that give a positive impact on the sustainable reduction of pest population. This combination not only promises environmental sustainability, but also has diverse applications in controlling urban pests and invasive species. Pesticides have also posed a serious threat to the biological integrity of marine and aquatic ecosystems. It is the need of time to integrate the studies of different disciplines including toxicology, environmental chemistry, population biology, community ecology, conservation bioagents, and landscape ecology to understand the direct and indirect effects of pesticides on the environment.
