**2.3 Strain of** *Aphis pomi* **and biotest**

The different stages of the green apple aphid (L1, L2, L3, L4, Wingless adult) (**Figure 1**) were sampled with apple leaves infested in the nursery where the experiment occurred; the nursery has not undergone any insecticide treatment before. The leaves with the insects were then sorted by stage and placed in Petri dishes 9 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm in height ventilated and closed to prevent the aphids from escaping. Each box contained 10 individuals belonging to the same stage. Leaves bearing aphids were kept turgid by wrapping their peduncle with cotton wool soaked in water. The experiment was carried out in the nursery growing under a plastic tunnel in ambient conditions.

To determine the quantity of the crude OMW to be recommended to the farmer, i.e., the dose necessary to control aphids, we sought to determine the content of crude vegetable water to be diluted in water, i.e., the concentration of these effluents to be dissolved in the water required to kill a percentage of aphids. To this end, the concentrations were determined beforehand according to the formula of [55], i.e., concentrations capable of causing the mortality of 5% and 95% of the insects used. Then, the concentrations used are 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg of OMW/ liter of distilled water. The solutions of the vegetable waters were prepared using a magnetic stirrer for 10 min. At the same time, two control treatments were carried out, the negative one consisting of distilled water; while the positive one using Imidacloprid (Confidor (Active matter content 200 g/L) according to the recommended dose against aphids on apple trees (50 cc/hL) [2]. For each concentration or controls, 5 replicates were performed with 10 individuals each according to a randomized complete block design. The application of OMW to the leaves bearing the aphids was performed using 1-liter hand sprayer maintained at 0.3om from the targets. The count of dead insects was carried out 48 hours after spraying; each individual shaken by a paintbrush and not moving was considered dead. Aphid mortality was assessed under a stereomicroscope.
