**Abstract**

The World Health Organization has updated its list of priority diseases for 2021 to currently include the following: Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease (*Filoviridae*), Nipah and henipaviral diseases (*Paramyxoviridae*), Lassa fever (*Arenaviridae*), Rift Valley fever and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (*Bunyaviridae*), Zika (*Flaviviridae*), COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) including Delta, Omicron, and other variants of concern, Middle East respiratory syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome (*Coronaviridae*), and the always present "disease X," which is a term used for the next emerging pathogen of concern that is not known about today. In this chapter, we review the virucidal efficacy data for microbicides (*disinfectants and antiseptics, also known as surface and hand hygiene agents or collectively hygiene agents*) for the viruses associated with these diseases. As these diseases are each caused by lipid-enveloped viruses, the susceptibilities of the viruses to virucidal agents are informed by the known hierarchy of susceptibility of pathogens to microbicides. The unique susceptibility of lipid-enveloped viruses to most classes of microbicides is based on the common mechanism of action of envelope-disrupting microbicides. Empirical data supporting this principle and the mitigational role of targeted hygiene in infection prevention and control (IPAC) discussed are presented.

**Keywords:** Coronaviruses, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Ebola virus, Lassa virus, Marburg virus, MERS-CoV, Nipah virus, Rift Valley fever virus, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, virus inactivation, Zika virus
