**4.3 Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD)**

Both molecular modeling methods of MD and MC studies have been carried out for academic considerations, mainly on the surfactant aggregation process, instead of for industry application. This is mostly due to the use of atomistic description of the system that requires extensive computational power, which is not practical for industry application. As mention in Section 4.2.2, Goetz et al. [42] provides the first explicit connection between computer simulations with molecular resolution and elastic membrane models based on differential geometry. Goetz's method demonstrates a relationship between bending rigidity and the IFT.
