**4.4 MRI**

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging tool for examining anatomic features, physiological functions, and tissue molecular composition [81]. MRI is known as a non-invasive, radiation-free imaging technology for detecting and diagnosing small lesions, with significant implications for various kinds of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment [82].

### *4.4.1 Image processing techniques*


### **4.5 Positron emission tomography (PET)**

PET and combined PET/computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for oncologic imaging [87]. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET demonstrates abnormal metabolic features associated with malignancy that often precedes morphologic findings demonstrated with anatomic imaging [88]. Combined PET/CT systems are increasingly available and currently account for almost all of the new whole-body PET installations [89]. In these systems, the CT and PET images are fused and provide combined anatomic and physiologic imaging [90]. Typically, the CT portion is used to provide attenuation correction as well as an anatomic correlation for the PET imaging component [91]. This modality allows more precise anatomic localization of PET abnormalities and in general has been shown to improve diagnostic accuracy compared with FDG PET alone [92].

*Digital Image Processing and Its Application for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Area DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100619*

### *4.5.1 Image processing techniques*


#### **5. Limitation**

This chapter has lots of information on the role of digital image processing in medical physics and biomedical engineering areas that can be a little bit confused for the reader. It was challenging to place image processing in this area and popular in the non-medical environment.

#### **6. Future direction**

This chapter enriches by multi-disciplinary research area. This is offering lots of research information for the audience. The audience can be able to carry on individual research based on each topic.

### **7. Conclusion**

Overview of medical imaging with their modalities, application, and outcome stated here. The combination of medical physics and biomedical engineering area is a vast and worldwide recognized field. Both areas fight against global health challenges. History from human, this is the main concern for ensuring safety for human, animal, plant, and other living matter. In this planet suffers a lot in various time hit living system but always these areas highly contributing lifesaving. This chapter is given an inspirational message for the young because lots of do wait for their contribution to change the future world. Especially women can highly contribute to gynecological health challenges because all corners of the cannot be developed in this area equally. So, some conservative environment always prefers women for gynecological challenges. This chapter highlighted to significance role of image and image processing for this area, imaging modalities for various images, image processing techniques. Various kinds of image processing techniques are mentioned here for growing creative interests.

#### **Acknowledgements**

Thanks to all who are associated and contributed to this book.

#### **Conflict of interest**

Not Applicable
