Meet the editors

Dr. Murat Eyvaz is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, Turkey. His research interests include applications in water and wastewater treatment facilities, electrochemical treatment processes, filtration systems at the lab and pilot-scale, membrane processes (forward osmosis, reverse osmosis, membrane bioreactors), membrane manufacturing methods (polymeric membranes,

nanofiber membranes, electrospinning), spectrophotometric analyses (UV, atomic absorption spectrophotometry), chromatographic analyses (gas chromatography, high-pressure liquid chromatography). He has co-authored many journal articles and conference papers and has taken part in many national projects. He serves as an editor and reviewer for many indexed journals. Dr. Eyvaz has four patents on wastewater treatment systems.

Dr. Ahmed Albahnasawi is a post-doctorate fellow in the Environmental Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, Turkey. His graduate work focused on the investigation of the treatability of the sequential anoxic-aerobic batch reactors followed by ceramic membrane for textile wastewater treatment. Based on his Ph.D. research, Dr. Albahnasawi published three journal articles and participated in three international confer-

ences. His research interests include the application and design of a microbial fuel cell integrated with Fenton oxidation for industrial wastewater treatment/solid waste management and monitoring of organic micropollutants by both chromatographic and spectrophotometric analyses.

Dr. Ercan Gürbulak is a research associate in the Environmental Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, Turkey. He received his bachelor's degree in Environmental Engineering from Marmara University, Turkey, in 2005. He completed his MSc and Ph.D. at Gebze Technical University in 2008 and 2019, respectively. His research interests include the application and design of hydrothermal processes for industrial wastewater

treatment/solid waste management and monitoring of organic micropollutants by both chromatographic and spectrophotometric analyses.

Prof. Ebubekir Yüksel is a faculty member of the Environmental Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, Turkey. His research interests include applications in water and wastewater treatment facilities, electrochemical treatment processes, filtration systems at the lab and pilot-scale, watershed management, flood control, deep-sea discharges, membrane processes, spectrophotometric analyses, chromatographic analyses, and

geographic information systems. He has co-authored numerous journal articles and conference papers and has taken part in many national projects. He has produced more than thirty peer-reviewed publications in indexed journals. He has one patent on pump/turbine design and four patents on wastewater treatment systems.

Contents

**Preface XI**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 19**

**Chapter 3 39**

**Chapter 4 61**

**Chapter 5 79** On the Design of Total Water Use-Based Incentive Schemes for Groundwater

**Chapter 6 107**

Regional Water and Land Use Planning: Systematic Planning Support

Diffuse Runoff from Agricultural Lands within a River Basin

*by Liudmila V. Kireicheva, Valery M. Yashin, Ekaterina A. Lentyaeva* 

Implications of Land Use and Cover Changes on Upper River Rwizi

Assessment of Water Quality with Special Reference to Hydrochemistry:

*by Wided Mattoussi, Mohamed Salah Matoussi and Foued Mattoussi*

*by Denis Nseka, Hosea Opedes, Frank Mugagga, Patience Ayesiga,* 

*by Harro Stolpe, Nguyen Ngoc Ha and Christian Jolk*

Macro-Watershed Health in South Western Uganda

*Henry Semakula, Hannington Wasswa and Daniel Ologe*

A Case Study of Auranga Estuary, Valsad, Gujarat, India

and Water Protection Measures

*by Shefali S. Patel and Susmita Sahoo*

Nanoparticles in Wastewater Treatment

*by Farid Alizad Oghyanous*

Management

*and Aleksey D. Timoshkin*

### Contents


Preface

Water is essential for all living things. It covers 70% of our world and is also an important part of our bodies. However, only about 0.3% of the water resources on Earth is usable and potable. The use of this limited resource varies depending on demographic, economic, technological, and climatic characteristics. The consumption of water for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes has increased by 15% in the last two decades, and today one out of every three people is faced with the danger of water shortage. Since the population and water resources worldwide do not show a balanced distribution, nearly a hundred countries hosting almost half of the world's population suffer from water

Today's rapid population growth, water-consuming industries brought by technological developments, and epidemics spreading much faster due to globalization have greatly increased the need for water. In addition, global climate change, evaporation, and deterioration of rainfall balances also lead to negative consequences such as floods and droughts. It has been determined that surface and groundwater resources cannot meet the increasing demand for potable and thus used water and wastewater need to be recycled. However, issues such as protection of water resources, balanced water consumption, treatment of wastewater to a certain level, and realization of water recovery have shown that versatile water management should be introduced. To conserve water, both management and public strategies have been developed, alternatives have been revealed to reduce water consumption in industrial/commercial applications, and methods such as smart irrigation systems have been proposed in agriculture. Local authorities have focused on infrastructure operations to prevent water losses, and flow measurements have begun to be followed more closely. The use of greywater for partial recycling of water for household purposes and rainwater harvesting systems have started to be

This edited volume consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 presents the general method

of planning support in the areas of water and land use. Chapter 2 evaluates diffuse runoff from the drainage basin of a small river with agricultural land in the drainage basin and discusses the measures taken to protect the river waters from pollution. Chapter 3 examines the relationship between spatiotemporal land use/cover change and watershed health by using remotely sensed data. Chapter 4 identifies the main pollutants in different seasons and estuarine reaches by multivariate statistical methods, which are expected to help managers to understand the water body system along the estuary. Chapter 5 sheds light on the design of various incentive schemes to face groundwater over-exploitation by farmers who can over-pump water typically by manipulating their water meters in an

shortages.

encouraged.
