Meet the editor

Igor Shishkovsky is the head of the Additive Manufacturing Lab, Center for Materials Technologies (CMT), Skoltech, Russia, and a known Russian expert in additive manufacturing approaches. In recent years, he has participated in the development of 4D printing methods, topological design and synthesis of unique products from metamaterials, and formulation and implementation of the concept of the digital twin of the laser powder bed

fusion process. He is a co-author of more than 200 scientific papers, 14 books/chapters, and 8 patents devoted to additive manufacturing (powder bed fusion, direct energy deposition, 3D laser cladding, etc.) and laser treatment of materials. His current research interests are additive manufacturing of functional gradient parts, 4D printing, and biofabrication of implants and scaffolds.

Contents

**Section 1**

for Biomedical Applications

and Regenerative Medicine *by Roozbeh (Ross) Salary*

*and Sang-Won Park*

*and Sze Yi Mak*

**Section 2**

*and Chad Ulven*

Applications

Product Architectures

**Preface XI**

Biomedical Applications **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 39** Perspective Chapter: Additive Manufacturing in Customized Medical Device

**Chapter 3 59**

New Technological Solutions **77**

**Chapter 4 79**

**Chapter 5 101**

**Chapter 6 117**

Perspective Chapter: Composites Manufactured by Stereolithography

Perspective Chapter: Breaking the Barriers – Additive Technologies (AX) for Integrated Process Chains and Integrated Devices (IDs) for Hybrid

Perspective Chapter: Multi-Material in 3D Printing for Engineering

*by Rajkumar Velu, R. Sathishkumar and A. Saiyathibrahim*

*by Patrick Simpson, Michael Holthaus, Luke Gibbon* 

*by Matthias Dahlmeyer and Sebastian Noller*

Perspective Chapter: Advanced Manufacturing for Bone Tissue Engineering

Perspective Chapter: Additive Manufactured Zirconia-Based Bio-Ceramics

*by Sakthiabirami Kumaresan, Soundharrajan Vaiyapuri, Jin-Ho Kang,* 

*by Ching Hang Bob Yung, Lung Fung Tse, Wing Fung Edmond Yau* 

*Nileshkumar Dubey, Geetha Manivasagam, Kwi-Dug Yun* 

## Contents



Preface

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a technology that produces three-dimensional parts layer by layer from a material. AM has existed at various levels of sophistication for decades. However, it has only recently caught the widespread attention of industries and policymakers thanks to technological breakthroughs and advancements in the past decade that allow full-scale metallic components and structures to be made to high standards. AM is getting more attention and is considered a better choice of fabrication in almost every industry due to its unlimited design freedom, optimization, lightweight, and customization.

In the two sections of this book, readers will find new approaches for biomedical applications and advanced technological solutions. Medicine was and is a source of inspiration and a natural field for AM applications. Therefore, customized medical devices, bone tissue engineering for surgical operations, and/or biocompatible

The development of new hierarchical metamaterials and multi-materials manufactured by 3D printing will improve the use of these structures in biomedicine and industry and will allow new applications to be found. We suggest that applying the proposed manufacturing techniques in collaboration with topological design will significantly expand and deepen the areas of advanced manufacturing. All such trends will be obvious drivers for an accelerated transition of the world industry to a

> **Igor V. Shishkovsky** Center for Design,

Manufacturing and Materials,

Moscow, Russian Federation

Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology,

ceramics are promising trends.

new technological era.
