**Abstract**

The dynamics of human expansion towards space are going through Earth external layers, orbital space and the Moon. With its low gravity, slingshot effect relative to Earth, on-site resources and relative proximity to Earth in the solar system, the renewed space race is effectively returning first to the Moon. A psychological bridge to enlarge our civilization with a permanent bridge to our natural satellite. The development of this Earth-Moon system, requires enormous amount of finances, energy, science, technology, but over all, opportunities. This chapter deals with the efforts and the mental changes that may eventually result from all of these changes.

**Keywords:** space, access to space, access to the Moon, new space race, LEO, Moon, single stage to orbit, near Earth asteroid, astro-mining, ISRU, human health, food security in space, space exploration, Earth-Moon system, human expansion in space
