**4. Conclusion**

Our research of the accelerator with closed electron drift and open walls demonstrates its similarity to the accelerator with anode layer and metallic walls in the accelerator channel. The low-current operation mode with an anode layer confined by the interelectrode gap and the high-current operation mode with

*The Emerging Field Trends Erosion-Free Electric Hall Thrusters Systems DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99096*

**Figure 14.** *Potential distribution for different time step: a) Nt = 10, b) Nt = 100, c) Nt = 300.*

well-distinguishable plasma torches at system's ends are obtained. The jump-like transition between the modes is shown to occur under the influence of the anode potential and the working gas pressure. In the low-current mode, the discharge

### **Figure 15.**

*Potential distribution on the system axis at different distances from the center of the system: a) z = 0.16 m., b) z = 0.22 m.*

current depends much stronger on the voltage applied across the discharge gap than on the working gas pressure. A hybrid theoretical model was developed, and simulation results on its basis are obtained. In the framework of this model the possibility of creation a positive space charge at the system axes is shown. It is shown that the ions flow from the hump of electrical potential can lead to the creation of a powerful ion flow, which moves along the symmetry axis in both sides from the center.

Thus, it is shown the carried out theoretical and experimental explorations demonstrate attractive perspective for further development and elaboration new generation erosion-free Hall-type accelerators. This open up possibility to apply kind improved devices like the space electric propulsions and tools for High-Tech ion-plasma surface treatment of functional materials.

## **Acknowledgements**

The work was performed within the framework of the targeted comprehensive program "Prospective research in the field of plasma physics, controlled fusion and plasma technologies" under the project PL-2021.

*The Emerging Field Trends Erosion-Free Electric Hall Thrusters Systems DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99096*
