**1. Introduction**

The Coronavirus disease known as COVID-19 emerged in the city of Wuhan, China around the end of 2019 and was declared a worldwide pandemic on 11th of March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Coronavirus pandemic has changed the setting, atmosphere, and magnitudes of security threats facing humanity and brought to attention the significance of health security in developing nations. Moreover, there are almost 259,502,031 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 5,183,003 deaths worldwide, as of 25th November 2021 [1–3].

Pandemics are diseases of very different kinds that exhibit a variety of epidemiologic features. A pandemic is a widespread outbreak of a deadly disease or virus that cuts across boundaries, race, religion, and levels of education, which normally affects health, lives, countries, governments, means of livelihood of individuals, communities, and generally the public [4]. A virus that caused pandemic is called influenza A (HINI) PDM09 also, known as the novel influenza virus. From 1918 to 2020, the world has witnessed a series of pandemics, Spanish influenza occurred in 1918 and it was caused by an H1N1 influenza A virus (IAV) strain. Also, Asian influenza, which occurred in 1957, was caused by an H2N2 IAV draining, similarly Hong Kong flu, a pandemic that occurred in 1968 was caused by an H3N2 IAV strain. In 2003**,** Canada experienced the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the resurgence of the Ebola pandemic in the mid-millennium in Guinea in 1976 in South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. From 2009 to 2010, pandemics caused the deaths of 151,700–575,400 worldwide [5–11].

In Nigeria, the first case of COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed in Lagos State on 28 February 2020. It quickly spread to all the 36 States of the federation, including Abuja the federal capital. On 26 March, 2020, the Federal Government of Nigeria announced the lockdown of Lagos and Abuja, and later a national lockdown as a result of widespread of the disease, as part of the effort to contain the spread of coronavirus pandemic [12]. The announcement of lockdown by the governments as one of the global measures for controlling the spread of the ravaging dreaded pandemic has brought about adverse mental health problems, particularly among the girl children in Nigeria. The cases of Coronavirus in Nigeria [13, 14] reported that, as of 29th November, 2021, there were 3862 confirmed cases, 2976 deaths, and 197,143 recovered cases.

Omede and Etumabo in Ref. [15] and Offorma in Ref. [16] describe that "girl children are indeed female children between births to adolescents' age of eighteen (18) years." However, this period is made up of four important stages, that is, infancy, childhood, and early and late adolescence stages of development. Similarly, Fareo and Ateequ in Ref. [17] state that, most societies of the world due to strong religious and cultural beliefs defined a girl child as an undeveloped female person, who would eventually after growing into woman end up marrying, give birth, and take care of the home and the children. Also, girl children are female children between infancy and early adulthood. More so, during this period of development, they are under the custody and supervision of adults who may be their parents or guardians and siblings. The COVID-19 pandemic declared wars against the education of girl children in Nigeria. The education of a girl child is under crisis and threat, particularly those girls that are coming from low-income families.

The number of children not attending formal school system in Nigeria has increased from the initial figure of 10.5 to 13.2 million. The rising figures stipulate that Nigeria has the larger figure of out-of-school children in the world. Inappropriately, the larger percentages are from the northeast region of Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe states where Boko Haram and ISAWP insurgency in the area are responsible factors. Prior to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, violence, child early and forced marriages, lack of schools, inadequate buildings, unsafe environments, limitations in teacher's training, and systematic gender biases impeded girls' participation and learning in formal schooling across Nigeria, the global citizens [18].

Depression means mood disorder. Also, it can be described as feelings of sadness, loss, or anger that interfere with a person's everyday activities. Depression is a common illness worldwide [13], it is estimated that 3.8% of the world population is affected by depression, these categories include 5.0% adults and 5.7% adults older than 60 years. Nearly 280 million people in the world have problems of depression.

"Ravenhills [19] defined psychosocial education to mean, the knowledge given to particular groups of individuals with unhealthy relationship and maladaptive

*Psychosocial Educational and Economic Impact of COVID-19: Implication for Girl Child… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107181*

behavior, persons and families." Psychosocial education is relevant to the categories of individuals with psychosocial and psychological problems in order to promote healthy relationships in the individual.

Social Studies education has come to be accepted as [20] "a school subject that should assist students to acquire the basic knowledge, skills, and positive attitudes needed to be responsible citizens and contributing members of society." Also, Mumini and Hussaini in Ref. [21] and Jekayinfa in Ref. [22] discuss that the central focus of Social Studies is man, the physical and social environment (the entirety of men's culture and beyond) is of interest of Social Studies; what man eats, wears, lives, and makes the physical environment conducive for existence are the basis for Social Studies enclosure into to school curriculum." It also deals with man in various perspectives as the scientist, technologist, culture maker historian, politician, and man as being influenced by his culture and conditions of the contemporary world. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is on psychosocial educational and economic impact of COVID-19: Implication for girl children education through Social Studies. Specifically, the study was to ascertain how psychosocial educational support through Social Studies will impact the girl children with psychosocial problems and how these problems affected their education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria.
