**2.1 Video-based learning**

Increased access to the internet has opened the door for remote learning, among which video-based learning is one of the first and most prominent approaches being used in education. For instance, YouTube, one of the most popular online video networks, has more than two billion users worldwide, with the American customer satisfaction index (ASCI) registering 75% [12]. Video is becoming a *de facto* medium in education. Students prefer to watch videos for better understanding, which can also lead to better knowledge retention, rather than reading long texts. Furthermore, there is a 27% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) in video streaming devices (tablets, smartphones, smart TVs, etc.), with it being projected that 66% of worldwide devices will be streaming 4K quality videos by 2023 [13]. Increasing internet speeds, with new technologies, such as 5G and high-speed broadband networks, is facilitating the wider adoption of video-based learning by streaming high-quality videos. Owing to these factors, educational institutions are increasingly likely to invest in creating educational videos that can be educational/ topic-based videos, classroom-based videos, or technology-based videos, with screenshots and images along with a description. For instance, loom.com is a free tool, through the use of which educational videos can be created. Furthermore, video production and distribution can be cost-effective, as there are many tools for creating and editing videos. Importantly, they support anytime learning, whereby students can watch recorded videos as per their convenience. In addition, the flexibility to watch videos on multiple devices can enhance the learning process by supporting a convenient learning process.
