**2.14 HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography)**

In this study, the samples were analyzed to determine glucose, fructose, ethanol, glycerol, tartaric acid, malic acid, and acetic acid concentrations by using HPLC in Middle East Technical University, Food Engineering Department, Biotechnology Laboratory (Agilent Technologies, USA). The column and detector type of this HPLC was Rezex™ RFQ-Fast Acid H+ (8%) LC Column, 100 × 7.8 mm (length and internal diameter, respectively), and refractive index detector, respectively. The temperature of the refractive index detector and fast acid column was set to 30 and 25°C, respectively. 0.05 M H2SO4 was used as an eluent. For every sample, 10 μL of analyte was injected automatically with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min.
