*4.6.3 Square-necked grain beetle (*Cathartus quadricollis *(Guérin-Méneville, 1844) Coleoptera: Silvanidae)*

*Distribution:* Square-necked grain beetle, was initially found in South America, but now its status is worldwide.

**Figure 7.** *Dorsal view of adult of* Oryzaephilus surinamensis*.*

*Host range*: Being a stored grain pest it generally attacks the stored products such as cereals, grains, etc.

*Bionomics*: The square-necked grain beetle is a flattened, oblong, polished, reddish-brown, with thorax almost square-shaped. These are some of the most common beetles found in both cornfields as well as granaries. Usually, after three weeks eggs get converted into larva, the larva undergoes molting five times to become a pupa, pupa then again gets converted into adult [19]. Eggs are mainly oval in shape and are opaque white in color and are less than a millimeter long, 4 days eggs hatch into larva and the larva are the main predators [20]. The pupa is generally darker in color and then the pupa gradually transformed into adults.

*Damage symptoms*: Larval presence is the main symptom of infestation by this pest.
