*4.1.1 Granary weevil (*Sitophilus granarius *(Linnaeus, 1758) Coleoptera: Curculionidae)*

*Distribution:* Being cosmopolitan in nature and it is found all around the world. *Host range*: This pest mainly feeds voraciously on a large great variety of grains such as oats, wheat, rice, barley, or corn pest.

*Bionomics:* The granary weevil is the oldest, cosmopolitan, small, brownish or blackish beetle, moderately polished having a long slender snout with a pair of stout mandibles or jaws, and having chewing-type mouthparts [18]. Thorax is well marked with longitudinal punctures and has no wings under its wing covers (**Figure 1**). Larvae or grubs are legless and whitish in color. Adults, as well as larvae, are feeding voraciously on a large great variety of grains. Gravid females lay 200–300 eggs in a small hole in the grain berry with her snout. After oviposition, the hole is covered with a protective gelatinous fluid. Eggs hatched inside holes and white fleshy, legless grubs are formed, which are later transformed into pupae and adults. A short life cycle is seen in summer seasons than in cold seasons.

*Damage symptoms:* It is one of the most serious pests of grains causing huge damage to the grain. It drastically reduces the crop yields by causing huge damage to harvested stored grains holes are created to the grains that are fed by the pest (**Figure 2**).
