**1. Introduction**

Fiber ingredients added to foods for humans and animals are typically coproducts from the wood-pulp industry (cellulose), byproducts from cereal (*e.g.*, bran, psyllium), legume seed (pea fiber), and vegetable (*e.g.*, tomato pomace) processing. More deliberate fibers such as inulin, FOS, Chicory root extract and other prebiotics are also common to foods. Unintentional fibers such as those from gums and gelling agents (*e.g.*, carrageenan, guar gum) are used in processed foods. Seldom have the grasses or forages been considered for use in foods as a fiber additive for monogastric animals. This has been the domain of grazing animals and as supplemental feed during confinement for ruminants and hind-gut fermenters (*e.g.*, horses, rabbits), or used as bedding. However, forage grasses may be a viable alternative fiber source for monogastric animals under certain circumstances. Relative to the current options, the grasses would certainly qualify as less processed and could even be considered as a purpose grown, sustainable, low environmental impact ingredient in diets for man and animal. Miscanthus grass is one such novel grass that has been evaluated as a fiber source for broiler chickens, dogs, and cats [1–6]. Other authors have also evaluated this fiber for companion animal applications [7]. For purposes of this review, it is our goal to provide a comprehensive summary regarding the information available to date regarding the use of Miscanthus grass in monogastric animal food products with a nod to human nutrition. Additionally, an overview of existing knowledge regarding how this ingredient impacts food processing will be provided.
