**7. Conclusions**

Over the past two decades research into miRNA and, more recently, tsRNA has demonstrated the integral role that these ncRNA play in cellular function and dysfunction. This has been particularly apparent in diseases of the central nervous system. Advancements in sequencing technologies and other RNA detection methods have highlighted their utility as biomarkers and the potential for disease stratification. RNA-based therapeutic intervention has shown great promise in areas with limited treatment options. Rapid improvements in the delivery and immunoreactivity of these treatments and the increasing number of clinical trials involving RNA-based therapeutics is encouraging.
