**1. Introduction**

Phospholipid based nano drug delivery systems (PBNDDS) are becoming more promising due to its biocompatibility, amphiphilic characteristics, Physico-chemical stability and can be prepared for different diseases with sustain release and targeted delivery of different drugs [1]. PBNDDS can protect the drug from biodegradation, transformation and reduce cell toxicity by altering the bio-distribution. PBNDDS are easy to scale-up, sterilize in product development and cost effective. PBNDDS performance depends on size, morphology of particles and possesses some unique properties like surface area to mass ratio which is larger than other colloidal systems. Controlled release and targeted drug delivery depend on the rate and mechanism of drug release from the carrier based drug delivery systems like PBNDDS, which can vary depending on the formulation, processing and routes of administration [1–6].

Phospholipids are heterolipids which can be extracted from both animal and plant origin, have been shown to generate lipid matrices of low crystallinity.

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Figure 1.
Phospholipid based nano drug delivery systems (PBNDDS) [1–3].
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Different types of phospholipid based nano drug delivery systems (**Figure 1**) are used for both synthetic and natural source of drugs [7, 8].

Natural source of medicines have been used from ancient time [9]. Phytoconstituents present in plants having different pharmacological properties are useful substitutes to synthetic drugs. There are over 100 active ingredients derived from natural plants for use as drugs and medicines. Chronic inflammatory (stroke, chronic respiratory diseases and heart disorders), and central nervous system (CNS) diseases are major cause of global mortality. Different synthetic drugs used to treat these diseases results in severe adverse effects. Research is going on for the development of new drugs from natural medicinal plants [10].

Phytoconstituents showed strong anti-inflammatory activities due to their strong free radical scavenging action [11] and have shown beneficial effects on cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke and obesity etc. Phytoconstituents also exhibit activity against neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease) through different pathways [12–21].
