**8. Complications**

Implantation can be associated with as many complications as other cardiovascular surgeries in the preoperative phase. In addition, the presence of the device inside the vessel and the heart itself is associated with early and late complications. The majority of complications occur in the hospital or within a few months after the surgery. Therefore, the cardiac surgeon should be trained about the proper management of complications and treating life-threatening conditions, and obviously, the more experienced the surgeon, the fewer the complications. The complexity of the device generally increases the potential risks. Nowadays, the device pocket is considered a source of major complications. Therefore, preventing pocket hematoma and infection has become a standard care measure. Complications are now described as early and late.
