**8. Prospect of conversion technologies in Africa**

There are different technologies that can help to convert biowastes to useful energy. Study done by LTS team in 2017 [76] identified possible suitable conversion


### **Table 5.**

*List of appropriate biowaste to energy conversion technologies in Africa.*

technologies for Africa. In applicability efficiency sequence, anaerobic digestion, gasification, direct combustion, fast pyrolysis, slow pyrolysis, and fermentation was observed [76]. Intermediate pyrolysis can be a good candidate in converting biowastes due to its advantages including; flexibility, ability to handle variety of feedstock, modular, ability to handle high moisture content, and productions of products with good quality [44]. Africa with biowastes that have variety of properties can effectively be handled using intermediate pyrolysis. **Table 5** summarizes possible effective conversion technologies of biowastes in Africa.

Biowaste is now regarded as source of energy for both energy and environment sustainability in Africa. Some polices have been formulated to increase biowaste energy in energy mix. Some funding from both government and private has been provided. Noticeable funding has come from African Development Bank Group. Example of such projects are; USD\$ 1 million for Kenya for 10 MW from MSW in 2017, Bioethanol from waste for UDS\$ 66 million in 2012, among others [77].
