**3. Research methodology**

This study used a qualitative research methodology to explore the experiences of 6 lecturers on their use of VR resources to teach pre-service teachers. Qualitative researchers assume that everyone views the world in their own way [23]. Hence, a qualitative approach was preferred for the reason that it shows a great potential value to this study for the researcher to get comprehensive and rich data on the experiences of lecturers in the use of VR resources for teaching. Since a qualitative approach assumes that the world cannot be viewed as a single reality, it was suitable to be used in this study because the way the participants give different accounts of their experiences on the use of VR resources depended on their natural setting. In this study, convenience sampling was used to select the participants. In this regard, convenience sampling is a type of sampling that involves the selection of the most accessible subjects, it is the least costly to the researcher, on terms of time, effort and money [24]. Hence, the researchers engaged face-toface interviews with the six selected lecturers from various departments at the faculty of humanities in order to elucidate responses on their experiences with VR resources in teaching activities. In this qualitative study, the researchers were obliged to ensure that the research findings were credible and trustworthy so that they could be interpreted, applied in the field and benefits researchers and other interested parties.

Validity in qualitative research refers to the degree of resemblance between the explanation of the phenomenon and the realities of the situation in the given contexts [25]. Hence, in this study the four trustworthiness criteria which include credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability were applied [26]. These criteria and their peculiar activities were adhered to in this study. Prior to the study, the researchers ensured that all the participants were informed about the purpose of the study. Participation in the study was voluntary as participants were informed of their rights to withdraw from the study at any time. Consent forms were be to participants to confirm or decline their participation in this study. Confidentiality and anonymity was ensured by using avoiding participants' real names.
