Smoking:

Findings from multivariable logistic regression showed that tobacco smoking was a risk indicator for periodontitis from 1,218 males, aged 33–86 years residing in rural areas of Khon Kaen Province during 1990–1991 [4].

Chronic Gingival Inflammation leading to Esophageal Cancer Findings of multivariable logistic regression indicated that *Campylobacter* infection, tobacco smoking, and poor oral health were associated with esophageal cancer in people in the northeast of Thailand [17].
