**5.7 The application in insulative materials**

The addition of nanocomposite to inorganic compounds improves their physical properties and gave the number of applications based on inorganic composites within the material. Nanocomposites are composed of carbon nanotubes as filler material, are used in the electronics industry. Their electrical insulation range and thermal properties have made them suitable to be used in an area where insulative electrical characteristics are required. The challenges of agglomerations are one of the biggest problems when adding nanomaterials to composite materials. Due to agglomerations, nanomaterials cannot be dispersed evenly, which is a major obstacle to the commercial application of nanocomposites. When agglomeration occurs during mass production then the uniform structures are more difficult to achieve. Some other applications are as follows:


#### **5.8 Agro-applications**

The use of agro-biomass is a promising and continuous process of producing naturally occurring NCs, where agro-biomass is used simultaneously. In this regard, lignin-derived agro-biomass is an economical resource for the production of functional biomaterials that are compatible and sustainable. In the case of metal oxide nanocomposites (MONCs), the use of lignin-based MONCs should be extended to dynamic fields, for example, ultraviolet (UV) protection, photocatalysis, and antimicrobial agents. The development of lignocellulosic biomass as raw material should be a viable option for the development of UV protective materials from an industrial point of view.

Today different integration methods for the production of nanocomposites (CMNCs, MMNCs, and PMNCs) are available, but limitations and barriers also exist, which require the exploration of new techniques and engineered methodologies. These NCs offer improved performance in addition to their monolithic and microcomposite counterparts and are well-adapted partners to overpower the constraints of many existing materials and devices. Today the use of nanocomposites is taking place rapidly, but still, their full potential has not been attained. Making such highly stresstolerant equipment, low-load reinforcements, gas barrier, and flame-related adherence create potential applications and marketplaces for these items. So, these nanocomposites discussed have the potential to create a new material age in the future.
