**1. Introduction**

The combination of 1-D nanostructures with conducting polymers creates nanocomposites with good processability and improved physical, electrical, and mechanical properties such as conductivity, solubility, optoelectronic and magnetic properties. These systems draw considerable attention in a wide range of applications including supercapacitors, batteries, energy conversion systems, catalysts and sensors.

Many synthetic strategies, such as template-directed, template-free chemical and electrochemical method, solvothermal syntheses, electrospinning techniques, vapor-phase approaches, have been developed to prepare several classes of 1-D nanostructures including metals, metal oxides, metal complexes, and semiconductors [1–4].

Typical conducting polymers such as polypyrrole (PPY), polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PTH), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythophene) (PEDOT) are attractive polymers for composites synthesis given their low cost, easy processability, a large area of fabrication, and environmental stability. While, interest in 1-D nanostructures has increased due to their efficiency in electron transport, and their potential use in nanoelectronic devices [5, 6]. For example, structures such as nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, or nanobelts with unique electric transporting characteristics would be more essential than irregular particles to be used as composites of solar cell devices after the introduction of conducting polymers [7, 8].

There are two main kinds of nanocomposites of conducting polymers with 1-D materials:


This review aims to present general synthesis and characterization of the conducting polymers with 1-D nanostructures including the various methods used in these materials' preparation. Finally, different aspects of the practical applications of these materials are presented.
