**4. Conclusion**

Surface modification of orthodontic miniscrews can serve to be an effective method for enhancement of the biologic potential of implant surfaces that could lead to better adaptation with the surrounding bone, as well as for the improvement of their mechanical capabilities thereby allowing better anchorage in more difficult intraoral sites. The SLA, microgrooving, anodization, plasma ion implantation, RBM and nanoscale modifications are techniques meant to be incorporated in the manufacturing process, whereas the UV photofunctionalization technique can be used as a chair-side method for surface treatment of miniscrews. All the aforementioned methods have shown to be effective in both experimental as well as clinical scenarios. The UV photofunctionalization technique is yet to be tested in a clinical situation with orthodontic miniscrews, and it may take a few more years of research before any or some of these techniques can be substantiated to become a standard operating procedure.
