**6. Conclusion and future prospects**

In the field of plant stress and ROS production, key sources, mechanism and various antioxidant enzymes to counteract the ROS are well reported. However, ROS homeostasis, signal transduction and interaction among various cellular compartments towards signaling are largely unknown and need to be addressed. Many studied reported that many antioxidant remain involve in ROS regulation but their inter and intra compartmental coordination to adjust ROS during stress condition is poorly understood. Therefore, to develop a conceptual and comprehensive framework, a combination of transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome approaches is required to understand ROS development, signaling pathways and their management.

Plants need robust and comprehensive adaption mechanisms to combat under stress conditions. For better stress resistance and ROS homeostasis many specific genes responsible for stress resistance has been identified in rice and transgenic plants. However, most of the ROS associated genes are studied for the expression of antioxidant enzymes activity and large field scale testing of transgenic plants for stress tolerance is very limited. Thus, in order to improve the abiotic stress tolerance by homeostasis of ROS, functions of associated genes and mechanism to control the ROS signaling pathways require detailed investigation. In future, these ROS associated genes and QTLs can be used in breeding and genetic engineering programme for the development of abiotic stress resistance cultivar.
