*Engineering of Extracellular Vesicles as Nano Therapy for Breast Cancer DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101149*

exosomes from immature dendritic cells (with low immunogenicity because of the absence of immunostimulatory markers on their surface) and used an electroporation technique to load doxorubicin within. They have shown that the exosomal formulation of doxorubicin has greater efficiency in targeting mouse tumors and hence, exhibits a novel propitious approach in breast cancer treatment in the clinical context. Li et al. loaded milk exosomes with doxorubicin to target CD44 overexpressed human breast cancer cell lines and found an exosomal formulation capable of delivering the drug into cancerous sites in a target-specific manner [63]. Vakshiteh et al. used dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells to isolate exosomes and loaded them with miRNA, which was then targeted to breast cancer cells. They found that exosomes significantly decreased the proliferation of cancer cells and reduced the migratory and invasive properties of breast cancer cells *in vitro* [64, 65]. These studies indicate that exosomes are promising candidates for drug delivery in breast cancer therapy.

Currently, there are some hurdles in realizing the clinical potential of exosomes as drug delivery nanovehicles. These include low yield, long-term stability, and lack of understanding of their therapeutic effects. Hence, more research is required to develop techniques that can be used universally to enhance the yield in a timeefficient manner and increase the stability of exosomes.
