**3.2 Data extraction**

The data were extracted into a spreadsheet, including information on the study sample, sample characteristics, outcome measures, cue-reactivity methodology, hypotheses/aims, outcomes of interest, and general findings. A quality assessment and risk of bias assessment were not conducted, as these are not typical in scoping reviews [27]. The extracted data were then synthesized into common categories by the first author to further examine themes in the scoped research.
