**6. Conclusion**

Reproduction is a crucial phase in the life period of any organisms, which ensures their endurance as a distinct species and governing the adaptability of plants to multivariate ecosystem. The precise design of resource distribution for reproduction depends on the reproductive parts and their union, factors influencing the fertilization, genetic variation and resource availability. Plants choose diverse reproductive modes based on the resource and pollination deficiency. Self-pollination and clonal reproduction are conducive to reproductive assurance in stands with pollinator scarcity, while sexual reproduction and cross-pollination improves seed quality and genetic diversity of progenies, which would benefit population survival. Consequently, the amalgamations of assorted reproductive modes and generalized pollinator networks may be good choices to adapt successful reproduction. Awareness on the key processes can be useful in addressing the current challenges, that impact the ecosystem directly or indirectly. The evolution of floral traits might be obsessed by selective pressure of local pollinators, exotic pollinators, nectar robbers and abiotic environments such as temperature, precipitation and ultraviolet radiation on several traits related to flower. The applications of new technologies and methods such as breeding to overcome inbreeding depression could advance the awareness on alfalfa reproductive ecology. Advanced floral mechanisms such as altered anatomical structure of the alfalfa flower in tripping mechanism, mutants of varied inflorescence patterns, ovule sterility and seed set, floral nectaries, floral aroma and flower features of alfalfa has major influence on altering its reproductive ecology. Outstandingly, the progress in high-throughput sequencing of alfalfa cultivars genetically, has brought an outlet for the various genetic shortcomings in alfalfa mass production accomplished by breeding and biotechnological means. The fundamental mechanisms on diverse topics of plant reproductive ecology could be discovered more effortlessly, especially in relation to floral traits and pollinators for better alfalfa production in future researches.
