**4. Conclusion**

By using DMAc/LiCl system, conversion of biomass waste to valuable products like cellulose hydrogel films was successfully prepared. Comparative studies on the properties and nature of cellulosic hydrogels from various plant biomass wastes were also reviewed. The yield percent of cellulose fibers: 28.50% of thanaka heartwood, 20.31% of sugarcane bagasse and 21.63% of rice straw was found in the study. It was regarded that the amount of the cellulose fibers depends on the nature of biomass materials. Cellulose hydrogel films were transparent and flexible but of slightly variable strengths due to the different kinds of cellulose sources. The water retainable property of SBCF was greater than that of THCF and RSCF. Based on the comparison of viscoelasticity measurement, it was found that THCF and RSCF were stronger, more elastic in nature and of a less deformed nature than the SBCF film. Since the cellulose solutions displayed antimicrobial activities against six test organisms, the cellulose hydrogel films could be utilized in biomedical applications.

#### **Acknowledgements**

We are extremely thankful to experts at Open Access Funding Page and especially to Mia Vulovic, Author Service Manager, for granting a free publishing fee allowing us to share our research with a wider audience. The authors: Cho Cho, Thinzar Aye and Aung Khaing, would like to express our sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Pho Kaung, Rector of the University of Yangon for motivating and heartening us in our research. We are greatly appreciated Prof. Dr. Ye Chan, Head of Universities' Research Centre (URC), for his permission to carry out this research. We are deeply indebted to Prof. Dr. Takaomi Kobayashi, Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan, for his invaluable advice and endless support. Our special thanks go to all of the URC staff.

### **Conflict of interest**

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

*Comparative Study of Cellulose Hydrogel Films Prepared from Various Biomass Wastes DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99215*
