**6. Conclusions**

Biomass based biorefineries are the best sustainable alternative to the fossil fuel crisis and environment protection. There are varies types of biomass with varying cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content. To extract cellulose from biomass a pre-treatment is necessary due to biomass components being recalcitrant. The common pre-treatments have disadvantages and limitations, and it is necessary to understand that the pre-treatment cannot be selected based on the yield of cellulose only because there are other effect caused by the pre-treatment which may be in conflict with the next reaction step to value-added products. This chapter have made an attempt to throw some light on the significance of the use of cellulose as a potential feedstock for various platform chemicals. Although the production of such platform chemicals using green chemistry approach is in very nascent phase however these processes have shown immense potential. Both government and industries should switch their focus towards the development of environmentally friendly and efficient process for such platform chemicals.

### **Acknowledgements**

The Authors wish to show gratitude to Durban University of Technology and L'Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science Sub-Saharan Africa Regional fellowship for funding.
