**Abstract**

Fatigue is the prevalent mode of failure in engineering components made from metals. It occurs when the component is undergone fluctuating stresses. It leads to failure in metal structures because of damage accumulation. Therefore fatigue analysis of these structures is vital to ensure service reliability during the real operation. Among various simulation tools available to determine the fatigue life and mechanical behavior of metals and metallic components, the Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM) has gained wide attention to analyze the microstructural attributes. Owing to the versatility of CPFEM in analyzing the fatigue properties of various metals and alloys, this chapter is aimed to examine and document the state-of-the-art research outcomes linked to fatigue behavior using CPFEM tool. The CPFEM is expected to accelerate the research progress to discover novel metals and alloys with better fatigue properties. For structural welds, estimating fatigue life depends on the material characteristics, object geometry, and applied loads. An in-depth analysis of stress concentrations across the affected areas of welds is vital for calculating fatigue response.

**Keywords:** crystal plasticity, fatigue life estimation, metallic structures, finite element method, weld sections
