**7. Recent progress in blue laser diode-based VLC and SSL**

Over the past few years, LD based VLC and SSL techniques have gained significant attention from researchers, due to their advantages, e.g., environmental


*B-LD, SLD stand for blue laser diode and superluminescent diode, respectively. YAG: Ce,* CsPb*Br*<sup>3</sup> *, KSF stand for yttrium aluminum garnet cerium-doped, cesium lead bromide and potassium fluorosilicate, respectively. OOK, QAM, OFDM denote for on–off keying, quadrature amplitude modulation, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, respectively.*

## **Table 3.**

*Recent progress in blue laser-based VLC and SSL using phosphors.*

friendliness, minimum light-emitting surface, ultrafast operating speed, high efficiency, long lifetime and small footprint. By leveraging the advantages mentioned above, LD-based VLC and SSL is outperforming LED-based VLC and SSL. This technique promises wide applications in academia, science, and industry. Meanwhile, many research laboratories around the world have been focusing on blue laser-based VLC and SSL. The resent research achievements in blue laser-based VLC and SSL is summarized in **Table 3**.
