**2.4 Estimated carbon reduction to mitigate the climate change, if solar panels were used across the targeted areas**

Using solar panels will reduce carbon emissions [21]. The research used the survey data and the key informant interviews (KII), to calculate the amount of kilowatts of energy per month/ year that solar panels produce, in order to estimate the carbon footprints—if adapted as a source of renewable energy, by small factories and irrigated wells at the household level.

However, the analysis of the full life cycle assessment (LCA) for solar panels, including manufacturing, transportation, installation, and so on, must be considered to estimate the carbon emissions [22]. Additionally, considering the wastes produced by solar panels—especially its manufacturing materials—will help refine the calculation to estimate the clear reduction of carbon from the installed solar panels [23].

Presently, this research used a simple theory of calculation, based on the estimation of the energy produced by installing solar panels, multiplied by the remaining households with irrigation wells (50–200 m) and small factories/ workshops in South Syrian governorates, taking the estimated percentage for solar panel production into consideration.
