**Abstract**

Foam fractionation is an effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method for water treatment that is widely applied to the removal of hazardous materials, organic materials, and metal ions from the wastewater by using the surfactant as a collector. This type of process known as the adsorption bubble separation technique. It uses bubbles as a separation medium and concentrates the surfactant from its aqueous solution by the difference of adsorption properties of the surfactant on gas–liquid interfaces. During the process of foam fractionation, it spared gas through the bottom of the column to create dispersed rising bubbles. They adsorbed the surfactant onto gas–liquid interfaces of the rising bubbles. We discuss here separate Bovine Serum Albumin from aqueous solution with haemoglobin by foam fraction method. To investigate the effect of the following variables on the enrichment ratio of total protein, the separation process like concentration of feed, the effect of pH, and the Effect of gas flow rate.

**Keywords:** Concentration of collector, BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN (BSA), Foam height, Foam density, Foam drainage

### **1. Introduction**

Foam separation, which uses adsorptive bubbles to separate particles, has developed as a viable alternative to conventional separation approaches with ion exchange, chromatography, and precipitation. Foam fractionation is a fast, easy, and efficient method for separating chemical compounds and recovering waste products from aqueous solutions, and it can be used as a pre-concentration method in their analytical determination [1]. The authority takes the waste materials required for reuse in the food industry because of the recycling strategy of various aqueous products. The recovery of whey protein from aqueous products in the food industry is very successful when whey waste is treated as Bovine serum albumin using the foam fractionation technique in batch mode [2]. Its role of pH-induced structural change in interface-induced protein aggregation was investigated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein to reduce protein aggregation in foam fractionation. Foam fractionation is a well-known protein purification method that may be useful in the early stages of recombinant and other proteins' downstream production. The process has many benefits, including ease of use, technical simplicity, and hence low cost as opposed to other purification processes. While

much research has been done on particular protein solutions, there's been less done on protein mixtures in order to purify one protein ingredient from a mixture of proteins [1]. In mineral flotation, foam fractionation or adsorptive bubble separation methods have been commonly used. The methods were focused on the surface tension differences between the products to be isolated [3]. This method is also used in the discharge of wastewater. Since organic compounds have a low surface tension and can be enriched at the air-water interface, it is possible to recycle or remove dilute organic compounds found in industrial waste water. Despite the fact that this method has been around since the beginning of the century, more research is needed to further understand the conditioning and viability of proteins and single protein fractions using foam fractionation by concentrating on the most critical process parameters [2]. Solvent sublation is a non-foaming adsorptive bubble procedure that can remove trace amounts of non-volatile and unstable organic materials from wastewater [4]. This approach is also useful for waste water recovery and the elimination of hazardous materials. Solvent sublation has the benefit of achieving better removal efficiencies than bubble fractionation or air stripping. Since the disposal of pharmaceutical unit effluent is a required operation, this method may be used to isolate drugs from waste water released by pharmaceutical industries, thereby reducing harmful pollution.
