**11. Challenges in freshwater pearl culture**

Despite the fact that pearl farming is a profitable business, there are a number of challenges to overcome when cultivating the pearl. One of the most crucial aspects is the mussel's capacity to survive following implantation. Another challenge is determining the right quality of the pearl after it has been obtained. In freshwater mussels, standardisation of breeding technology needs an utmost priority, successful breeding occurs in mussels; however mussel larvae survival is a serious challenge. i.e., glochidia adhesion to the secondary host (fish) is problematic. The mussel larval cycle requires a secondary host, such as a fish, to complete the life cycle. The lack of competence in pearl culture technology is one of the primary challenges. The sector's development is further hampered by a lack of a proper extension network to propagate existing culture technology.
