**1. Introduction**

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic inflammation due to infection (presumed or confirmed). There is a continuum of severity ranging from sepsis to septic shock. Diagnosing sepsis remains difficult because it is not a single disease but a syndrome with various pathogen and host factor-associated symptoms. Sepsis-3 was established to improve risk stratification among patients with a suspected infection focusing on organ failures [1]. Sepsis should be immediately recognized because it is the primary cause of death from infection, especially if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Mortality has been estimated to be ≥10 percent and ≥ 40 percent when shock is present [1, 2]. In the United States, it is estimated that there are 270 000 deaths a year due to sepsis and 35 000 deaths attributable to antibiotic resistance [3, 4]. Herein, we discussed the immediate management of sepsis and septic shock mainly the empiric antimicrobials in critically ill patients.
