**2. Model description**

This post-stroke UI management model is a model of post-stroke UI management in nursing that is carried out holistically and given by nurses to stroke patients who have UI and have passed the acute period of stroke. It begins when the patient will go out from hospital and continuing at the patient's home. Implementation of the model begins with the nurse identifying the patient's health condition, including identifying the patient's performance status using the Karnofsky scale, and monitoring the patient's incontinence status using the Bladder diary format for three days (72 hours). After that, the nurse and the patient together determine the goals to be achieved using the SMART method (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and there is a time limit).

The implementation of the post-stroke UI management model includes providing information and understanding about post-stroke UI, ways to deal with post-stroke UI, self-control and staying motivated, performing daily activities independently according to patient's ability, and increasing family support and peer attention.

Providing information and understanding about post-stroke UI through health education about post-stroke UI which includes definition, etiology, pathophysiology, types of post-stroke UI, assessment of post-stroke UI, and treatment of post-stroke UI. Increasing the patient's ability to perform ways to deal with post-stroke UI is also through health education and skills training such as bladder retraining, pelvic floor muscle exercise, deep breathing relaxation exercise, and range of motion (ROM) exercise. Self-control and staying motivated also through health education about positive thinking and controlling emotions. Carrying out daily activities independently according to ability is carried out gradually involving patients in daily activities at home such as activities related to personal hygiene and household chores. Family support in every action taken by the patient and the involvement of peers who have successfully overcome post-stroke UI in sharing experiences about things that have been done while experiencing post-stroke UI. In the final stage of model, the nurse evaluates and conveys the results of the evaluation of the achievement of goals to the patient.

## **3. Model development process**

This post-stroke UI management model was developed based on literature studies, result of previous qualitative research, and expert consultation. The integration of theories used to develop this model is described in detail as follows:
