**5. Future directions**

No doubt the current era has witnessed major milestones in both the transcatheter and surgical aspects of valve therapy. This, while provides several options to patients with every valve disease, it also creates confusion on which is the better option. This demonstrates the importance of having a heart valve team with all the expertise available for surgical, both open and minimally invasive, and transcatheter therapy. This should provide the patients and their families with unbiased opinions that suites each individual patient and give them the best option that is good for their expected survival, and desired quality of life and matches their future expectations.
