*3.3.4 Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) (Gore-Tex) conduits*

Handmade expanded e-PTFE valves have been used with good results for RVOT reconstruction. The main advantages of these handmade conduits are related to their availability and lack of calcifications or immunological reactions, which may have the potential to prolong the longevity of these conduits. Current data do not show the inferiority of these conduits to homografts or bovine jugular veins. In fact, they have good biocompatibility and there was no evidence of calcifications in excised e-PTFE valves [9]. We personally do not have experience with this technique.
