**1.6 Assessment tools**

Different studies have used different assessment tools. Recommendations on the suitability of different tools were made after the studies. A study was conducted by Tomczyk et al. (2020) to assess the WHO IPCAF at acute healthcare facilities in 46 counties. The study concluded that this is a necessary tool, and is effective for the improvement of IPC in health facilities [27]. Aghdassi et al. (2020) used the WHO IPCAF in their assessment and have stated in their paper that it was a useful tool that can detect shortfalls even in high-income settings at acute health facilities [28]. Maina et al. (2019) have reported in their paper, which examined WASH-FIT and WASH-FAST tools, that WASH-FIT is the tool of choice to assess WASH in smaller facilities. On the one hand, WASH-FAST is more suitable for hospitals at regional level [29]. On the other, a comprehensive study assessing different tools for WASH assessment has reported that none of the tools that they studied was comprehensive and concrete enough for assessing healthcare facility WASH activities [30].
