**1. Introduction**

Anemia is a common nutritional deficiency condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells (the cells which can carry adequate oxygen to all tissues of the body) or the level of hemoglobin within the red blood cells is less than that of normal. Hemoglobin is required to transport oxygen and if a person does not have a normal number of healthy red blood cells, or does not have sufficient hemoglobin then there will be a decreased competence of the blood to take oxygen to all tissues of the body. Some of the ordinary and frequent causes of anemia include nutritional deficiencies including the deficiencies of vitamins and minerals, particularly deficiency of iron, folic acid deficiency, and deficiency of cobalamin or vitamins B12 [1].

Globally Anemia is a deceptive health issue that is especially affecting youngsters and women during pregnancy. World health organization has estimated that about 42% of children with an age less than 5 years and 40% of the women during the 2nd and 3rd trimester of their pregnancy are anemic all over the world. The rate of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is very high because of the high demands of iron and blood during pregnancy [2].

It is a worldwide occurring universal problem with more than 2000 million people around the globe of different ages [3]. And it is more customary in pregnant women of economically developed nations and affects both the mother's and fetus's health [4]. Globally its prevalence is 35% for women who are not pregnant and 51% for women who are pregnant and 3–4 times higher in developed nations [5].
