**1.5 Hygiene**

Hygiene is a term used to describe the behaviors performed to achieve a level of cleanliness that can lead to good health and provide a range of infection prevention. It includes practices like hands and face washing, douching with water and soap, and other personal hygiene etiquettes. Good hygiene practices have an immense effect on public health. A simple act like hand washing can reduce the risk of foodborne diseases that spread by hand, and can reduce the mortality of diarrhoeal associated diseases by 50 per cent [23]. Hand hygiene has a great impact in preventing nosocomial infections especially multidrug-resistant infections. Yet, studies estimated global compliance with hand hygiene in healthcare to be only around 40 per cent [24]. Przekwas and Chen (2020) have mentioned that, besides hand washing, washing the face is also recommended to prevent COVID-19 transmission as they stated that the virus may accumulate in some areas of the face and can then be inhaled [25]. Using the WHO methodology, a recent study in Tanzania compared hospitals that received WASH training and hospitals that did not receive it. It was shown that the compliance rate of hand hygiene was significantly higher among hospitals with the WASH training programme [26].
