**Abstract**

COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 virus has evolved into a global crisis and is a major concern especially for the diabetes community. People with diabetes mellitus have increased morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. Conversely, COVID-19 infection and treatment may predispose to hyperglycemia. Potentially modifiable risk factors have been discussed and urgent need to mitigate the risks is warranted. In this book chapter we summarize the available evidence on COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes mellitus including link between COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, management and complications.

**Keywords:** COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia, type 2 diabetes

### **1. Introduction**

From the offset of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), groups that are more vulnerable to COVID-19 were identified. Presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) independently increases the adverse effects of COVID-19 [1]. A meta-analysis found that the proportion of diabetes in COVID-19 patients was 9.7% and that having cardiac disease and diabetes increased the risk of death by twice as much as the other risk factors [2]. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss in detail the current evidence available regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19.
