**A. Supplementary Material—A**

African countries used in this analysis as listed by the World Health Organization. Available at: http://www.who.int/countries/en/ accessed April 2, 2020.

Algeria, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Benin, Angola, Cameroon, Botswana, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Comoros, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Lesotho, Gambia, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mauritania, Mali, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Morocco, Nigeria, Namibia, Niger, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda, Tunisia, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
